GAE+Django+GAEUnit (Part-I)

システム開発 Google App Engine

Google App Engine Python SDKにDjango(0.96)が付いてくるのは知っていたけど、普段はPylonsを使うことが多いのであまり気にかけないでいた。でも今回GAEでちょっとしたアプリケーションを開発していて、webappフレームワークでは色々無理がでると実感したので、Djangoを使うことを決心。以下、要点のまとめ。今回珍しくWindows XPで開発してます（笑

準備

  • この記事を書いている時点での0.96系最新版は0.96.5。ここから持ってきて設置。GAEがPython2.5系を使うので、VirtualEnvで2.5系の環境を作ってそこに放り込むのがよかろう。
  • GAEUnit。

プロジェクト設置(GAE)


→gaetestというディレクトリを作った。

プロジェクト設置(Django)

django-admin.py startproject gaetest

gaeunit.py

-+gaetest
 +-app.yaml
 +-index.yaml
 +-main.py
 +-gaetest
  +-__init__.py
  +-manage.py
  +-settings.py
  +-urls.py
 +-gaeunit.py
 +-webtest
  +-__init__.py
  +-debugapp.py
 +-test
  +-unit_tests.py
  +-web_tests.py

main.py

  • GAE Launcherが作った雛形はwebapp前提なので、中身を下記に入れ替える。
import logging, os

# Google App Engine imports.
from google.appengine.ext.webapp import util

# Force Django to reload its settings.
from django.conf import settings
settings._target = None

# Must set this env var before importing any part of Django
# 'project' is the name of the project created with django-admin.py
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'gaetest.settings' #←django-admin.pyで作ったプロジェクト名.settings

import logging
import django.core.handlers.wsgi
import django.core.signals
import django.db
import django.dispatch.dispatcher

def log_exception(*args, **kwds):
    logging.exception('Exception in request:')

# Log errors.
django.dispatch.dispatcher.connect(
    log_exception, django.core.signals.got_request_exception)

# Unregister the rollback event handler.
django.dispatch.dispatcher.disconnect(
    django.db._rollback_on_exception,
    django.core.signals.got_request_exception)

def main():
    # Create a Django application for WSGI.
    application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()

    # Run the WSGI CGI handler with that application.
    util.run_wsgi_app(application)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

app.yaml

  • gaeunit用のエントリを用意。それ以外は全部main.pyで受ける。(main.pyはdjango.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()に処理を任せる)
application: gaetest
version: 1
runtime: python
api_version: 1

handlers:
- url: /test.*
  script: gaeunit.py

- url: /.*
  script: main.py

settings.py

  • Databaseは使わないので全部空白に。
  • 認証関係もDatabaseを参照するのでコメントアウト。
  • Templateの場所を明示
# Django settings for gaetest project.
import os

DEBUG = True
TEMPLATE_DEBUG = DEBUG

ADMINS = (
    # ('Your Name', 'your_email@domain.com'),
)

MANAGERS = ADMINS

DATABASE_ENGINE = ''           # 'postgresql_psycopg2', 'postgresql', 'mysql', 'sqlite3' or 'ado_mssql'.
DATABASE_NAME = ''             # Or path to database file if using sqlite3.
DATABASE_USER = ''             # Not used with sqlite3.
DATABASE_PASSWORD = ''         # Not used with sqlite3.
DATABASE_HOST = ''             # Set to empty string for localhost. Not used with sqlite3.
DATABASE_PORT = ''             # Set to empty string for default. Not used with sqlite3.

# Local time zone for this installation. Choices can be found here:
# http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.1/static/datetime-keywords.html#DATETIME-TIMEZONE-SET-TABLE
# although not all variations may be possible on all operating systems.
# If running in a Windows environment this must be set to the same as your
# system time zone.
TIME_ZONE = 'America/Chicago'

# Language code for this installation. All choices can be found here:
# http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/struct/dirlang.html#langcodes
# http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/stories/storyReader$15
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

SITE_ID = 1

# If you set this to False, Django will make some optimizations so as not
# to load the internationalization machinery.
USE_I18N = True

# Absolute path to the directory that holds media.
# Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/"
MEDIA_ROOT = ''

# URL that handles the media served from MEDIA_ROOT.
# Example: "http://media.lawrence.com"
MEDIA_URL = ''

# URL prefix for admin media -- CSS, JavaScript and images. Make sure to use a
# trailing slash.
# Examples: "http://foo.com/media/", "/media/".
ADMIN_MEDIA_PREFIX = '/media/'

# Make this unique, and don't share it with anybody.
SECRET_KEY = 'qexhr1ju9r*r3x7g+et*rnvl#g448z7(!bd_vcdsjz#x-_gylk'

# List of callables that know how to import templates from various sources.
TEMPLATE_LOADERS = (
    'django.template.loaders.filesystem.load_template_source',
    'django.template.loaders.app_directories.load_template_source',
#     'django.template.loaders.eggs.load_template_source',
)

MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
#    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
#    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.doc.XViewMiddleware',
)

ROOT_URLCONF = 'gaetest.urls'

TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
    # Put strings here, like "/home/html/django_templates" or "C:/www/django/templates".
    # Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
    # Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
)

INSTALLED_APPS = (
 #   'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
 #   'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.sites',
)

ROOT_PATH = os.path.dirname(__file__)
TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
    # Put strings here, like "/home/html/django_templates" or
    # "C:/www/django/templates".  Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
    # Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
    ROOT_PATH + '/templates',
)

→この時点でLauncherからアプリケーションを起動し、ブラウザでhttp://localhost:8080/ (ポート番号はLauncherに表示されてるのを指定)につなぐと、Djangoが動いていることがわかる。

さて、ここで準備完了。ここからやっとGAEUnitを使ったTDDに入れる。長いので一旦切ります。（つづく

参考にした情報